With King Charles of England recently undergoing a procedure to treat an enlarged prostate scientifically known as BPH (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia), it has shed light on this common yet often overlooked condition affecting men worldwide. Our very own Dr. Holley sat down with WBRC Fox6 News to provide valuable insights into what BPH is and how it impacts individuals.

What is BPH?

The prostate gland, a walnut-sized organ located below the bladder and surrounding the urethra, plays a role in male reproductive health by producing seminal fluid. As men age, the prostate gland often enlarges. When this enlargement becomes significant, it can lead to BPH. Despite its name, BPH is not related to prostate cancer and does not increase the risk of developing cancer.

Causes of BPH:

The exact cause of BPH is not fully understood, but several factors may contribute to its development, including:
Hormonal Changes: Age-related hormonal changes, particularly an increase in dihydrotestosterone (DHT), are believed to play a role in prostate enlargement.
Aging: BPH is more common in older men, with prevalence increasing with age.
Family History: Men with a family history of BPH are at a higher risk of developing the condition.
Lifestyle Factors: Obesity, lack of physical activity, and certain dietary factors may increase the risk of BPH.
Symptoms of BPH:
The symptoms of BPH can vary in severity and may include:

• Frequent or urgent need to urinate
• Difficulty starting urination
• Weak urine stream or dribbling
• Increased frequency of urination, especially at night (nocturia)
• Inability to completely empty the bladder
• Urinary retention or the inability to urinate

Prevention Strategies:

While some risk factors for BPH, such as age and family history, cannot be changed, there are steps men can take to potentially reduce their risk or manage symptoms:

Maintain a Healthy Lifestyle: Eating a balanced diet, maintaining a healthy weight, and staying physically active may help reduce the risk of BPH.
Limit Alcohol and Caffeine: Both alcohol and caffeine can irritate the bladder and worsen urinary symptoms.
Practice Pelvic Floor Exercises: Exercises that strengthen the pelvic floor muscles, such as Kegel exercises, may help improve bladder control and urinary flow.
Stay Hydrated: Drinking enough water throughout the day can help maintain urinary tract health and prevent urinary tract infections, which can exacerbate BPH symptoms.

Treatment Options:

Treatment for BPH depends on the severity of symptoms and their impact on quality of life. Common treatment options include:

1. Watchful Waiting: In cases where symptoms are mild or not bothersome, a doctor may recommend regular monitoring without immediate treatment.
2. Medications: Alpha-blockers and 5-alpha reductase inhibitors are commonly prescribed to relax the muscles of the prostate gland and shrink the gland, respectively.
3. Minimally Invasive Procedures: Procedures such as transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), laser therapy, and prostate artery embolization (PAE) can help relieve symptoms by reducing prostate tissue.
4. Surgery: In severe cases or when other treatments are ineffective, surgical removal of part or all of the prostate gland (prostatectomy) may be necessary.

BPH is a common condition that can significantly impact the urinary function and quality of life of affected individuals. While some risk factors for BPH are beyond control, adopting a healthy lifestyle and seeking timely medical intervention can help manage symptoms effectively. If you experience symptoms suggestive of BPH, request an appointment with one of our expert Urologists today.